People with AMD can benefit from a good “refraction,” which measures the lens power needed to help them see best, whether they are looking at objects that are near or at a distance.
Glasses Options for Near and Distance Vision
Some people prefer progressive bifocals, which increase the reading magnification as the head is tilted up. Others opt for bifocals, with a separate section on the bottom of the lens for reading and a line across the middle of the lens separating the distance and reading sections. Still others choose to have separate glasses for far distance, computer distance, and reading distance.
Optometrists specializing in “low vision” can be especially helpful in finding the best possible glasses, including those with nearly normal vision.
Yellow Tinted Glasses
Those with early AMD, that have drusen, little white spots in the retina detected by an ophthalmologist, will sometimes have trouble adjusting to a dark room when coming inside on a bright day. They may also have decreased contrast sensitivity, which makes it more difficult to see textures and subtle changes in the environment. When a person is unable to see slight contrasts and textures in pavements or stairs, it can be dangerous and lead to an increased risk of falls. It can also make it more difficult to distinguish between two colors of a similar hue when placed side by side. Yellow tinted glasses may help with these issues.
Special Glasses for Advanced AMD
People with advanced AMD, either from “wet AMD,” in which the retina is invaded by leaky new blood vessels, or “geographic atrophy” in advanced dry AMD, can often see better with special glasses. For reading, these glasses will often have high magnification and a built-in prism to help the two eyes work together. For distance, some people benefit from a “bioptic telescope,” a small telescope mounted on the glasses designed to see objects in the distance.
Advanced Electronics
Advances in electronics have provided small computer screens that can be mounted within a headset to provide increased lighting, magnification and contrast. These can be similar to the new “Virtual Reality” headsets being used in the computer gaming industry.
Protecting the Eyes
In addition to providing the best possible vision, glasses can be protective. They serve as a “windshield,” to keep things from flying into the eyes. For those with good vision in only one eye, polycarbonate lenses are recommended to provide that eye with additional protection against trauma.
Glasses can also protect the eyes from potentially harmful light. Ultraviolet light (UV) light can damage the eyelids, cornea, and lens, so lenses that block 99 to 100 percent of both UVA and UVB are recommended. Bright visible light, especially in the blue spectrum, may increase the risk of AMD, so gray or brown-tinted sunglasses are recommended for sunny days.
Transition lenses are very good for times when you’re not carrying your sunglasses and need to go outside. They will automatically become darker in the bright sunlight. However, these do not become darker inside a car, which is shielded from the UV light that causes the lenses to tint. They also take a few minutes to lose their tint after moving from outdoors to indoors.
Resources:
- Macular Degeneration Toolkit (Helpful Information to Understand and Manage Macular Degeneration)
- Expert Information on Macular Degeneration (Articles)
- BrightFocus Chats (Audio Presentations on Macular Degeneration)
- Macular Degeneration Research News (Newsletters)
- Living with AMD: Home Safety and Reading Aids (Article)
- How to Choose the Right Sunglasses (Article)
- Low Vision Therapy for Macular Degeneration: How it Can Help (Article)
- Tips for Living with Low Vision (Audio and Transcript)
- Less Common Symptoms of Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) (Article)
- What is Geographic Atrophy (Article)
